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    • 专利摘要:
    SEGMENTED FILMS WITH OPENINGS The present invention provides unitary and laminated films thereof having at least first and second film segments, which extend adjacent to each other and are permanently joined together. Multi-segment films include a surface embossing pattern on a surface of the first film segment and an opening pattern that extends through the second film segment. The first and second segments of film have different compositions, hereby the unitary film includes different segments presenting varying physical properties, such as, for example, varying levels of breathability and / or elasticity. Unit and laminated films are well suited, for example, for use as external coverings in personal care articles
    公开号:BR112012016088B1
    申请号:R112012016088-5
    申请日:2010-11-24
    公开日:2020-10-27
    发明作者:Wing Chak Ng；Jose Augusto Vidal De Siqueira
    申请人:Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    HISTORY OF THE INVENTION
    Steam-permeable, liquid-impermeable films have a wide variety of applications, including application as external covers for personal care products (eg diapers or incontinence garments), medical garments, industrial work clothes and so on. By providing an article with high breathability (ie high vapor permeability) it is possible to provide an article for the body that is more comfortable to use, since the migration of water vapor through fabrics helps to reduce and / or to limit discomfort resulting from excess moisture trapped against the skin. In addition, laminates of such films have found applications in various body articles, as well as numerous other applications. Films can provide the desired barrier properties to the article, while other materials laminated with it can provide additional desired characteristics, such as strength, abrasion resistance and / or good touch.
    In addition to the breathability of film and film laminates, the garment or article's ability to exhibit elastic properties allows the garment to provide better body conformation. However, a low-cost film or film laminate that achieves the desired conformation and breathability proved difficult, particularly with films filled with micropores. In order to achieve good body conformation, the polymer composition of the film desirably has good stretching and recovery properties. However, good stretching and recovery properties can impair the ability to form a stable pore structure required for high breathability. For many applications, however, it is not necessary to have high breathability and good stretch and recovery properties in the same area of the film. Therefore, segmented films can be used to provide different properties to different areas of a product. For example, a targeted movie,
    featuring elastic segments on the outer edges and a breathable barrier segment in the center, it can be used as an outer covering film for an absorbent personal care product. If breathability is required in the elastic segment, the formation of openings is recognized as a method of preparing the breathable elastic segment.
    However, it can be difficult to form openings in a particular segment of a segmented film. There may be many segments spread across the width of a commercial film, and therefore it may be difficult to align the aperture forming equipment with the particular segments of a film with multiple segments, which need to undergo the formation of apertures. Additionally, the widths of the segments, which need to undergo the formation of openings, may change depending on the type of product for which the film will be used. For example, diapers of different sizes will have outer cover films of different widths, and the segments of a multi-segment film used to prepare the outer cover will have different widths depending on the size of the diaper.
    Therefore, there is a demand for improved methods of preparing films and their laminates, which are capable of providing good breathability and conformation to the body. In addition, there is a demand for improved methods of forming openings in segmented films, which provide good breathable and elastic barrier properties. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    The aforementioned demands are met and the problems experienced by those skilled in the art are overcome by the multi-segment film of the present invention, which includes a surface embossing pattern on a surface of a first film segment and an opening pattern that extends through a second segment of film. Desirably, the embossing on the surface does not extend through the thickness of the film. Most desirably, the pattern of openings is the same pattern as the pattern of embossing. Even more desirably, the multi-segment film has a substantially uniform thickness and the first and second segments extend adjacent one another in a continuous manner in the direction of the film machine.
    In another aspect, the first film segment includes a microporous film. In one embodiment, the composition of the first film segment includes thermoplastic polymer and filler. The thermoplastic polymer can be an inelastic polyolefin polymer. Desirably, the charge is distributed over the entire first film segment. Most desirably, the first film segment has micropores adjacent to the load.
    In a further aspect, the second film segment can include an elastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyolefin elastomers, styrenic block copolymers, polyurethanes, polyesters, polyamides, vinyl acetates, acrylates and combinations thereof.
    In a further aspect, the multi-segment films of the present invention can be laminated or fixedly fixed to a sheet, such as, for example, a non-woven fabric, woven fabric, and so on. As used here, the word "sheet" refers to a layer of material that can be a woven material, a knitted material, a scrim, a nonwoven weave or other similar material. In addition, the films and film laminates of the present invention are well suited for use in personal care articles, protective clothing, protective covers and infection control products. As an example, personal care articles of the present invention may include (i) liquid-permeable top sheet; (ii) an external cover comprising a film or film laminate with multiple segments as described herein; and (iii) an absorbent core positioned between the outer cover and the top sheet. The first and second film segments can be selectively positioned within the article to provide the desired attributes, such as body shaping, regional water vapor transmission rates and / or aesthetics.
    In another embodiment, a method of forming a film with multiple segments includes the steps of providing a film with multiple segments including first and second segments of film, with the first and second segments of film extending adjacent to each other in a way continuous towards the machine; passing the film with multiple segments through a nip formed by at least one standardized cylinder; and, in the nip, concurrently forming a pattern of embossing on the surface on a surface of the first film segment and a pattern of openings that extend through the second film segment, the embossing not extending through of the first film segment. Desirably, the embossing pattern in the first film segment is the same as the opening pattern in the second segment. Most desirably, the cylinder is patterned with raised elements.
    In one aspect of the method, the nip is formed between two cylinders. Desirably, at least one of the cylinders is heated to a surface temperature of about 50 ° C to about 180 ° C. Most desirably, a pressure of about 13.1 to about 105.1 kN / m (about 75 to about 600 pounds per linear inch) is applied to the nip.
    In another embodiment, a method of forming a composite laminate includes the steps of supplying a film with multiple segments including first and second segments of film, with the first and second segments of film extending adjacent to each other continuously in the machine direction; providing a non-woven sheet material; passing multi-segment film and non-woven sheet material through a nip formed by at least one standardized cylinder; and, in the nip, of bonding the film to the non-woven sheet material and forming, in a concurrent manner, a pattern of embossing on the surface on a surface of the first film segment and a pattern of openings extending through the second segment of film, the embossing not extending through the first segment of film.
    Other features and aspects of the present invention are described in more detail below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    A complete and enabling description of the present invention, including its best mode, addressed to a person skilled in the art, is shown more particularly in the rest of the specification, which makes reference to the attached figures, in which:
    Figure 1 is a top plan view of a multi-segment film of the present invention;
    Figure 1A is a cross-sectional view of the multi-segment film of Figure 1 taken in IA - 1A;
    Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment of a "S weave" pattern, which can be used in accordance with the present invention;
    Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment of a "rib knit" pattern, which can be used in accordance with the present invention;
    Figure 4 illustrates an embodiment of a "yarn weave" that can be used in accordance with the present invention;
    Figure 5 illustrates, schematically, a method for forming a film with multiple segments according to one embodiment of the present invention;
    Figure 6 is a perspective view of a multi-segment film laminate of the present invention; and
    Figure 7 is a top plan view of a baffle for an absorbent article including a multi-segment film of the present invention.
    The repeated use of reference characters in the present specification and drawings is intended to represent the same characteristics or elements or characteristics or analogous elements of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF REPRESENTATIVE MODALITIES
    Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are shown below. Each example is provided by way of explanation, not limitation, of the invention. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one modality, can be used in another modality to result in yet another modality. Therefore, the present invention is intended to cover such modifications and variations.
    Referring to Figures 1 and IA, a unitary multi-segment film 32 showing at least a first segment 12 and at least a second segment 14 is shown, the first segment 12 including or defining a first embossing pattern 13 on a surface 15 of the first segment and, in addition, the second segment includes or defines a second pattern of openings 11, which extends through the thickness of the second segment. Desirably, the first segments 12 comprise at least about 10% of the multi-segment film area 32 and, even more desirably, comprise between about 30% and about 80% of the multi-segment film area 32. Although thicker multi-segment films are possible, unitary multi-segment film desirably has a maximum film thickness of less than about 50 micrometers and, even more desirably, has a maximum film thickness between about 10 micrometers and about 35 micrometers. The first and second segments 12 and 14 can be selected to comprise different films with different attributes, such as, for example, different breathability and / or elastic properties. As used here, the term "elastic", in general, refers to material that, when applying a force of bias, is extensible or stretchable in at least one direction and returns substantially to its original dimensions immediately after the force propensity is removed.
    Films with multiple segments, as described here, featuring distinct film segments, which exhibit varying levels of breathability and / or elasticity, can be formed by various methods. Films with multiple segments can be formed by coextruding the respective adjacent segments, such as, for example, using the method and apparatus for forming films, as described in US Patent No. 4,533,510 to Nissel, et al., the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. Film molds for forming coextruded films side by side are commercially available from Extrusion Dies Industries, LLC, of Chippewa Falls, Wis. and Cloeren Inc., of Orange, TX, USA. The desired components of the respective film segments can be separately mixed, heated and then coextruded to form the respective segments side by side of a unitary multi-segment film. The film can be prepared by any of a variety of film forming processes known in the art, such as, for example, by using cast or blown film equipment. The extruded multi-segment film is then processed as desired. In a further aspect, the individual film segments of the unitary film can be produced separately and subsequently linked together. As an example, films comprising the respective segments can be produced and positioned, such that the edges of the respective films overlap. The film segments can then be connected to each other along the overlay interface by thermal, ultrasonic or adhesive bonding thereof. As used herein, the term "ultrasonic bond" means a process carried out, for example, by passing tissue between a sonic tube and anvil cylinder, as illustrated in U.S. Patent No. 4,374,888 to Bornslaeger. Desirably, the overlapping portions of the films are permanently welded together using a combination of heat and pressure.
    In one aspect, the film with multiple unit segments can be stretched in at least one direction, thereby reducing the caliber or thickness of the film. As discussed in more detail here below, a particularly desirable film or film segment is a loaded, drawn, microporous film, and such films include at least one thermoplastic polymer and filler. With respect to loaded, stretched, microporous films, in addition to reducing the thickness of the film, the stretch also gives porosity to the film and forms a network of micropores in it, which makes the films breathable. As used herein, the word "polymer" generally includes, but is not limited to, homopolymers, copolymers, such as, for example, copolymers, terpolymers, etc., in blocks, graft, random and alternating, and combinations and modifications thereof. In addition, unless specifically limited otherwise, the word "polymer" includes all possible spatial configurations of the molecule. These configurations include, but are not limited to, isotactic, syndiotactic and random symmetries. As used here, the word "combination" means a mixture of two or more polymers, while the word "alloy" means a subclass of combinations, in which the components are immiscible, but have been made compatible. As used herein, "filler" is intended to include particulates or other forms of materials, which can be added to the polymer and which will not chemically interfere with, or adversely affect, the extruded film, but which are capable of being dispersed throughout the film. . The filler particles, optionally, can be coated with a fatty acid, such as stearic acid or berrenic acid, and / or other material, in order to facilitate the free flow of the particles (by volume) and their ease of dispersion in the polymer.
    Stretching can be achieved by various means known to those skilled in the art. Films can be stretched or oriented on each or both MD and CD. As used here, the expression "machine direction", or MD, means the length of a fabric in the direction in which it is produced. The expression "cross-machine direction", or CD, means the width of the fabric, that is, a direction, in general, perpendicular to the MD. As an example, machine-oriented guidance equipment is commercially available from vendors, such as the Marshall and Williams Company, of Providence, R.I., USA, and biaxial guidance equipment is commercially available from Bruckner GMBH, Siegsdorf, Germany. As an additional example, the films can be stretched using grooved or standardized rollers, such as, for example, those described in US Patent No. 4,153,751 to Schwarz, in US Patent No. 5,028,289 to Rasmussen and in the Patent US No. 6.3 68,444 to Jameson, et al. ; the entire contents of the previously cited references are hereby incorporated by reference. When using one or more elastic segments, it can be advantageous to temper or heat-harden the film with multiple stretched segments, while in the stretched or tensioned state, in order to fix the elastic segment and to reduce the potential for puckering of the film caused by the force retraction of elastic segments. In addition, when using films, which have been independently preformed and subsequently joined, it is possible to process the films, for example, to stretch the films and so on, or before or after permanently joining the films. respective segments together to form a unitary multi-segment film.
    There is a wide variety of polymers suitable for use with the present invention. The segments of the multi-segment film can be prepared from any thermoplastic polymer suitable for film formation and, desirably, comprises thermoplastic polymers, which can be readily stretched to reduce the caliber or thickness of the film. Film-forming polymers suitable for use with the present invention, alone or in combination with other polymers include, by way of example only, polyolefins, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene-ethyl acrylate (EEA), ethylene-acid acrylic (EAA), ethylene-methyl acrylate (EMA), ethylene-normal butyl acrylate (EnBA), polyester, poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), nylon, ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH), polystyrene (PS) , polyurethane (PU), polybutylene (PB), polyether esters, polyether amides and poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT).
    Polymers suitable for forming one or more film segments include, but are not limited to, polyolefins. There is a wide variety of polyolefin polymers and it is believed that the particular composition of the polyolefin polymer and / or the method of preparing it is not critical to the present invention and therefore it is believed that polyolefins, both conventional and non-conventional conventional, film-forming materials are suitable for use in the present invention. As used herein, "conventional" polyolefins refers to those prepared by traditional catalysis, such as, for example, Ziegler-Natta catalysis. Suitable polyethylene and polypropylene polymers are widely available and, as an example, linear low density polyethylene is available from The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich. , USA, under the trade name AFFINITY and conventional polypropylene is available from ExxonMobil Chemical Company, Houston, Tex, USA. In addition, elastic and inelastic polyolefins, prepared by catalysis with "metallocene", "constricted geometry" or "single site", are also suitable for use in the present invention. Examples of such catalysts and polymers are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,472,775 to Obijeski, et al. ; in U.S. Patent No. 5,451,450 to Erderly, et al .; in U.S. Patent No. 5,278,272 to Lai, et al .; in U.S. Patent No. 5,272,236 to Lai, et al. ; in U.S. Patent No. 5.2 04.42 9 to Kaminsky, et al. ; in U.S. Patent No. 5.53 9.124 to Etherton, et al .; is in U.S. Patent No. 5,554,775 to Krishnamurti, et al .; the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The aforementioned patents by Obijeski and Lai teach exemplary polyolefin elastomers and, in addition, exemplary low density polyethylene elastomers are commercially available from The Dow Chemical Company, under the trade name AFFINITY, from ExxonMobil Chemical Company, under the trade name EXACT , from DuPont Dow Elastomers, LLC, under the trade name ENGAGE. In addition, exemplary propylene-ethylene copolymer plastomers and elastomers are commercially available from The Dow Chemical Company, under the trade name VERSIFY, and ExxonMobil Chemical Company, under the trade name VISTAMAXX.
    In addition, stereoblock polymers are also believed to be well suited for the practice of the present invention. The term "polymer in stereoblocks" refers to polymeric materials with controlled regional tactics or stereo sequencing to achieve the desired polymeric crystallinity. By controlling stereoregularity during polymerization, it is possible to achieve atactic-isotactic stereoblocks. Methods of forming polymers in polyolefin stereoblocks are known in the art and are described in the following articles: G. Coates and R. Waymouth, "Oscillating Stereocontrol: A Strategy for the Synthesis of Thermoplastic Elastomeric Polypropylene" 267 Science 217-219 (January 1995); K. Wagener, "Oscillating Catalysts: A New Twist for Plastics" 267 Science 191 (January 1995). Polymers in stereoblocks and methods for preparing them are also described in US Patent No. 5,594,080 to Waymouth, et al., In US Patent No. 5,208,304 to Waymouth, and in European Patent Application Publication No. 0475306 Al. As indicated above, by controlling the olefin crystallinity it is possible to provide polymers that exhibit unique tensile modulus and / or elongation properties. In addition, polyolefin copolymers and, in particular, propylene-ethylene copolymers, are also suitable for use with the present invention. But, as an example, exemplary propylene-ethylene copolymers can comprise multi-step reactor products, in which a random copolymer of propylene and amorphous ethylene is molecularly dispersed in a continuous matrix of high propylene monomer / low monomer content predominantly semicrystalline ethylene. Examples of such polymers are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,300,365 to Ogale; in U.S. Patent No. 5,212,246 to Ogale and in U.S. Patent No. 5,331,047 to Giacobbe. Such polymers are commercially available from LyondellBasell under the trade name of CATALLOY polymers.
    Other exemplary commercially available elastomeric materials include, but are not limited to, the following polymers: elastomeric polyurethanes, such as, for example, those available under the trade name ESTANE from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc .; esters of elastomeric polyethers, such as, for example, those available under the trade name HYTREL from EI DuPont De Nemours & Company, and those available under the trade name ARNITEL, available from DSM, from Sittard, The Netherlands (previously available from Akzo Plastics, Arnhem, The Netherlands); and commercially available elastomeric polyether amides from Arkema, Inc., under the trade name PEBAX. As additional examples, suitable thermoplastic elastomers also include those prepared from block copolymers having the general formula AB-A ', in which A and A' are each a terminal block of thermoplastic polymer, which contains a styrenic portion, such as a poly (vinyl arene) and wherein B is an elastomeric intermediate block polymer such as a conjugated diene or a lower alkylene polymer. In addition, exemplary block copolymers include polymers in ABAB tetrablocs featuring an isoprene monomer unit hydrogenated to a substantially poly (ethylene-propylene) monomer unit, such as an elastomeric styrene-poly (ethylene-propylene) block copolymer - styrene-poly (ethylene-propylene). Examples of such styrene-olefin block copolymers include styrene- (ethylene-butylene), styrene- (ethylene-propylene), styrene- (ethylene-butylene) - styrene, styrene- (ethylene-propylene) -styrene, styrene- ( ethylene-butylene) -styrene- (ethylene-butylene), styrene- (ethylene-propylene) -styrene- (ethylene-propylene) and styrene-ethylene- (ethylene-propylene) -styrene. These block copolymers can have a linear, radial or star-shaped molecular configuration. As specific examples, exemplary elastomers may comprise block copolymers of (polystyrene / poly (ethylene-butylene) / polystyrene) available from Kraton Polymers LLC, under the trade name KRATON, as well as polyolefin / KRATON combinations, such as the paints described in the Patents US Nos. 4,663,220, 4,323,534, 4,834,738, 5,093,422, 5,304,599 and 5,332,613, the entire contents of the previously cited references are hereby incorporated by reference. Still other suitable copolymers include the elastomeric copolymers S-I-S and S-B-S available from Dexco Polymers, Houston, Texas, under the trade name VECTOR®.
    Other additives can also be incorporated into the film, such as melting mass stabilizers, cross-linking catalysts, pro-rad additives, processing stabilizers, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, aging stabilizers. heat, bleaching agents, anti-blocking agents, bonding agents, adhesives, viscosity modifiers, etc. Examples of suitable tackifier resins may include, for example, hydrogenated hydrocarbon resins. REGALREZ ™ hydrocarbon resins are examples of such hydrogenated hydrocarbon resins, and are available from Eastman Chemical. Other adhesives are available from ExxonMobil under the name ESCOREZ ™. Viscosity modifiers can also be employed, such as polyethylene wax (for example, EPOLENE ™ C-10 from Eastman Chemical). Phosphite stabilizers (for example, IRGAFOS available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Terrytown, New York, and DOVERPHOS available from Dover Chemical Corp., Dover, Ohio) are exemplary melt mass stabilizers. In addition, hindered amine stabilizers (for example, CHIMASSORB available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals) are exemplary heat and light stabilizers. In addition, hindered phenols are commonly used as an antioxidant in film production. Some suitable hindered phenols include those available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, under the trade name "Irganox®", such as Irganox® 107 6, 1010 or E201. In addition, bonding agents can also be added to the film to facilitate bonding of the film to additional materials (for example, non-woven weave). Typically, such additives (e.g., adhesive, antioxidant, stabilizer, etc.) are each present in an amount of about 0.001% by weight to about 25% by weight, in some embodiments, from about 0.005% by weight to about 20% by weight, and, in some embodiments, from about 0.01% by weight to about 15% by weight of the film.
    As indicated above, the first segment of the multi-segment film may include a breathable film. As used here, the terms "breathable" or "breathability" refer to the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of a tissue area, which is measured in grams of water per square meter per day (g / m2 /24 hours) . WVTR results are reported in grams / square meter / day. In addition, as used here, the term "breathable" refers to a fabric having a WVTR of at least 800 g / m2 / 24 hours. Various breathable films are suitable for use with the present invention, including both microporous and monolithic (i.e., non-porous) films. Breathable films comprising the first segment or segments can be elastic or inelastic and, desirably, have a WVTR of at least 800 g / m2 / day, and, more desirably, presenting a WVTR above about 1,500 g / m2 / day, and , even more desirably, a WVTR above about 3,500 g / m2 / day, and, even more desirably, a WVTR of about 5,000 g / m2 / day or greater. In one aspect, the first segments may be inelastic or less elastic than the second segment and may exhibit higher levels of breathability compared to the second segments before the formation of openings. Breathable monolithic or non-microporous films can exhibit good breathability when they comprise polymers, which inherently exhibit good water vapor transmission rates (ie, polymers that allow water vapor to readily diffuse through the film), such as, for example, polyurethanes, polyether esters, polyether amides, EMA, EEA, EVA and the like. Examples of breathable microporous films suitable for use as one or more segments of the multi-segment film include, but are not limited to, those described in the following references: U.S. Patent No. 5,695,868 to McCormack; U.S. Patent No. 6,075,179 to McCormack, et al. ; U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 08 / 722,726 filed October 1, 1996 from McCormack, et al. ; U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 08 / 882,712 filed June 25, 1997 from McCormack, et al. ; U.S. Patent No. 6,111,163 to McCormack, et al .; U.S. Patent No. 6,045,900 to Haffner, et al. ; U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 08 / 843,147 filed April 25, 1997 from Gwaltney, et al. ; and U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 09 / 122,326 filed July 24, 1998 from Shawver, et al. ; U.S. Patent No. 4,777,073 to Sheth; and U.S. Patent No. 4,867,881 to Kinzer; the entire contents of the aforementioned references are hereby incorporated by reference.
    The second segments can be non-breathable or breathable film segments before the formation of openings. In addition, the second segments can be elastic or inelastic films. Desirably, the second segments are elastic films and comprise one or more elastic polymers. The second segments can comprise films similar to those described above with respect to the first segments. However, the composition and / or structure of the first segment is distinct from that of the second segment and the specific composition and / or structure of the first and second segments will be selected with respect to each other to achieve the desired functional and / or aesthetic attributes of the unitary multi-segment film. The particular film composition and / or structure of the respective segments can be selected with respect to various considerations, such as final application, cost, durability, resistance, shelf life and product life, etc. Several examples which are discussed in more detail here and throughout the text.
    In one aspect of the invention, a film with multiple segments may comprise a film showing varying regional breathability. As an example, still with reference to Figures 1 and IA, the first segments 12 can include breathable films separated along a length of the film by the second segments 14. The second segments 14 can comprise breathable or non-breathable films before the formation of openings. . In order to achieve a unitary film showing varying regional breathability, the first segments 12 can be selected to have a higher or lower WVTR compared to the second segments 14 after the formation of openings. WVTRs of adjacent segments may vary according to their composition and / or the selected film structure, thereby obtaining a film showing adjacent segments with different levels of breathability. In this regard, the first and second segments 12 and 14 may present different WVTRs by selecting different film compositions for the respective segments. As an example, the first segments 12 may have a higher weight percentage of load than the second segments 14. Therefore, the stretch of the loaded film creates a film with multiple segments 32 showing first breathable segments 12 and second breathable segments 14, the WVTRs of the first segments 12 being higher than the WVTRs of the second segments 14, at least before the formation of openings. Additionally and / or alternatively, the first and second segments 12 and 14 can comprise different types of filler materials. The WVTRs of the respective segments can thus be varied according to the desired application of the film with multiple segments. Segments with high and low breathability can be strategically positioned within the film with multiple unit segments, to achieve the desired levels of breathability in selected locations.
    In a further aspect, it may be desirable to have each of the segments comprising an opaque film. This may be aesthetically desirable in certain articles, such as diapers, to mask a dirty absorbent core. Opacification charges can be included within one or more of the segments as needed, in order to create a multi-segment film that is uniformly opaque. However, the weight percentage and / or the type of load can be varied among the respective segments, in order to selectively distinguish levels of breathability while having substantially uniform opacity. As a specific example, the first segments 12 may comprise a highly breathable microporous LLDPE film having CaCO3 charge particles, and second segments 14 may comprise a less breathable and less porous LLDPE film having TiO2 charge particles.
    As an additional example, the first and second segments 12 and 14 can comprise different polymers in order to achieve different levels of WVTR. In that regard, the respective segments may comprise films or microporous or non-microporous and / or films loaded or unloaded using different polymeric compositions. In one aspect, the first segments 12 can comprise a loaded polymeric film 25 and second segments 14 a loaded polymeric film comprising a polymer different from that comprising the first segments 12, with, when stretching the unitary multi-segment film 32, a level higher breathability is given to the first segments 12 with respect to the WVTR of the second segments 14. As an example, the first segments 12 may comprise a film loaded with linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and the second segments 14 may comprise a film loaded with elastomeric polyethylene. The resulting breathable stretch tapered film will have 35 first segments 12 with a higher WVTR than the second segments 14. The amount and / or type of charge can also be varied in combination with the polymer composition in order to achieve the desired WVTR, opacity and / or elasticity within the respective segments.
    In a further aspect, unitary films with improved body conformation can also be achieved in accordance with the present invention. Still referring to Figures 1 and IA, the film with multiple segments 32 can comprise first and second segments 12 and 14, with the first and second segments being elastic and the other segments being breathable segments. As an example, the first segments 12 may comprise inelastic breathable segments, while the second segments 14 may comprise an elastic segment. Desirably, the first breathable segments 12 comprise at least about 25 of the multi-segment film area 32 and, even more desirably, comprise between about 50% and about 95% of the multi-segment film area 32. The second segments elastics 14 may comprise a breathable or non-breathable film. As a particular example, the first segments 12 may comprise a microporous LLDPE loaded film and, the second segments 14, a non-porous film comprising an elastomeric polyolefin, such as elastomeric polyethylene. Alternatively, the second segments may comprise an elastic, non-porous, breathable film, such as, for example, a polyurethane, polyether ester or polyether amide film. In addition, the first segment may comprise a film loaded with microporous polyolefin and the second segment may comprise a combination of KRATON polymers / polyolefin.
    Elastic film segments can comprise an elastomer and, desirably, have a hysteresis of less than 60%, and, more desirably, a hysteresis of less than about 50%, and, even more desirably, a hysteresis of less than about 40%. Inelastic segments can include those segments comprising a non-elastomeric polymer having a hysteresis greater than about 60%. In an additional aspect, the segments of elastic films may comprise a film of a thermoplastic elastomer having a shrinkage / extension percentage greater than 25 and, desirably, a shrinkage / extension percentage greater than about 35, and still more desirably, a shrinkage / span percentage of at least about 50. In that regard, segments of inelastic film may comprise a thermoplastic polymer film having a shrinkage / span ratio of less than about 25. In one aspect additionally, the elastic segments desirably comprise a thermoplastic elastomer film which, when applying a bias force, is stretchable to a stretched or biased length, which is at least 160 percent of its relaxed non-biased length, and that immediately regains at least 55 percent of its elongation upon release of the elongation force. A hypothetical example would be a one (1) centimeter sample of a material that is stretchable by at least 1.60 centimeters and that, when the stretching force is released, recovers to a length of no more than 1.27 centimeters . Many thermoplastic elastomer films exhibit greater stretch and recovery properties and many highly elastic materials can be stretched to 160 percent of their relaxed non-propensity length, and immediately recover more than about 75% of their elongation upon release. stretching force.
    In a further aspect of the present invention, the individual film segments themselves can comprise monolayer or multilayer films. For example, multi-segment film can include first segments including a multilayered film and second segments including a monolayer film. The first segments can include one or more outer layers and one or more central or intermediate layers. In other embodiments, multi-layered film segments can include films, such as, for example, those described in U.S. Patent No. 6,075,179 to McCormack, et al .; in U.S. Patent No. 6,045,900 to Haffner, et al. and in U.S. Patent Application No. 08 / 882,712, filed June 25, 1997, to MacCormack, et al., the contents of the aforementioned references are hereby incorporated by reference. Additionally, the first and second segments can both include films with multiple layers. For example, the first segments can comprise outer layers and a core layer and the second segments can include outer layers and a core layer. The outer layers of the first and second segments can include identical, similar or different compositions. When one or more of the segments is (in) elastic (s), it is desirable that the outer layers, which extend over the elastic segments, include an extensible layer. In this regard, when comprising a small percentage of the overall film thickness, layers that are themselves elastic can still be used, as they will not prevent the stretching and recovery provided by the elastic core layer. Desirably, however, outer layers that extend over elastic segments exhibit good extensibility. As an example, the core layer of the first segment can include a film loaded with inelastic breathable microporous LLDPE and the core layer of the second segment can include an elastic polyolefin and the outer layers of the first and second segments can include a combination of LLDPE and EMA.
    In a further aspect of the invention, the multi-segment film may include one or more discrete elastic segments positioned between breathable segments. In one embodiment, breathable segments include substantially inelastic segments with high levels of breathability. For example, the movie with multiple segments can include first segments and discrete second segments arranged between them. The discrete elastic segments can be breathable or non-breathable. Desirably, the first breathable segments include at least about 25% of the multi-segment film area and, even more desirably, include between about 50% and about 95% of the multi-segment film area. In addition, discrete elastic segments can have a width (dimension on the film CD) of at least 0.1 cm and, desirably, have a width of at least 1 cm or more. The width of the breathable segments separating the second elastic segments can vary according to the desired attributes of the multi-segment film; the use of larger elastic segments and / or more closely grouped segments will improve the overall stretch and recovery attributes of the film with multiple unit segments. The first breathable segments and the second elastic segments can include monolayer or multilayer films. For example, the first breathable segments can include a film with multiple layers including outer layers and a central core layer and the second elastic segments can include a monolayer film. In a particular embodiment, the first breathable segments can include a multi-layer inelastic film, such as those described in U.S. Patent No. 6,309,736 to McCormack, et al. , and the second elastic segments may include an elastic polyethylene. As an additional example, the first breathable segments and the second elastic segments can both include films with. multiple layers with the first segment comprising outer layers and an intermediate layer and the second segment comprising outer layers and an intermediate layer. Desirably, the outer layers of the first breathable segments and the second elastic segments can include a similar or identical polymer composition, such as, for example, combinations of EMA, EEA, EVA or polyolefin thereof.
    As indicated above, a wide variety of polymers are suitable for use with the present invention. Polymers of adjacent segments must be compatible in the sense that they exhibit sufficient cohesion to form a continuous cohesive film. In this regard, the use of polymer combinations can improve the cohesion of adjacent segments. For example, polyethylene and polypropylene are not, in themselves, compatible, whereas polyethylene / polypropylene combinations may be compatible with polyethylene and / or polypropylene segments. In a particular embodiment, a first segment may comprise LLDPE and a polypropylene impact copolymer (as taught in US Patent No. 6,072,005 to Kobylivker, et al., The entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference), and a second adjacent segment may comprise an elastic polypropylene. In addition, compatibility can also be achieved by adding one or more bonding or bonding resins within a segment. Exemplary bonding or bonding resins are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,695,868 to McCormack. In addition, matching segments or mooring segments can be used in order to use a wider range of polymers. Consequently, the use of a matching segment makes it possible to achieve a continuous cohesive multiple segment film using discrete segments of incompatible polymers. For example, multi-segment film can include first segments and second segments, with matching segments being arranged between the first and second segments. As a particular example, the first segments can include a breathable inelastic segment comprising a microporous LLDPE film and the second segments can include elastic polypropylene. Compatibility segments can be arranged between the first and second segments and can include, for example, an ethylene-propylene copolymer. In a further aspect, a compatibilization segment may itself include a bonding or bonding resin, such as an amorphous poly (alpha-olefin), such as REXTAC, by Rextac LLC, and VESTOPLAST, by Huels AG, by Marl, Germany. The composition of the compatibilization segment can vary according to the desired film attributes and the particular polymers comprising adjacent segments.
    In order to concurrently form openings and embossings in the film with multiple segments, the formation of openings / embossing is generally carried out in the present invention via feeding the film with multiple segments through a nip defined by at least one standardized cylinder . The standardized cylinder contains a plurality of raised elements to concurrently form embossings and openings in the multi-segment film. The size of the raised elements can be tailor-made in a specific way to facilitate the formation of openings that extend through the thickness of the second segments and to facilitate the formation of embossings on the surface of the first segments. For example, elevated elements are typically selected to have a relatively large dimension. The length dimension of the elevated elements can be from about 300 to about 5,000 micrometers, in other embodiments, from about 500 to about 4,000 micrometers, and in still other embodiments, from about 1,000 to about 2,000 micrometers. The width dimension of the elevated elements can also vary from about 20 to about 500 micrometers, in other modalities, from about 40 to about 200 micrometers, and in still other modalities, from about 50 to about 150 micrometers . In addition, the "element aspect ratio" (the ratio of an element's length to its width) can vary from about 2 to about 100, in other embodiments, from about 4 to about 50, and , in still other modalities, from about 5 to about 20.
    In addition to the size of the elevated elements, the overall element pattern can also be selectively controlled to achieve the desired opening and embossing formation. In one embodiment, for example, a pattern is selected, in which the longitudinal axis (the longest dimension along an element's centerline) of one or more of the elevated elements is inclined with respect to the machine direction ("MD ") of the elastic film. For example, one or more of the elevated elements may be oriented in about 302 to about 150a, in other embodiments, from about 45a to about 135a, and still in other embodiments, from about 60a to about 120a, relative to the film machine direction. In this way, the elevated elements will present a relatively large surface area to the film in a direction substantially perpendicular to that in which the film moves. This increases the area over which the shear stress is transmitted to the film and, in turn, facilitates the formation of openings and embossing.
    The elevated element pattern is generally selected so that the film segments have an opening area and / or a total embossed area of less than about 50% (as determined by conventional optical microscopic methods), and , in other modalities, less than about 30%. The density of the pattern is typically also greater than about 50 elevated elements (openings and / or embossing per 6.4 cm2 (square inch)), and in other embodiments, from about 75 to about 500 elevated elements per 6.4 cm2 (square inch). A suitable pattern of raised elements is known as the "S weave" pattern and is described in U.S. Patent No. 5,964,742 to McCormack, et al. , which is incorporated herein, in its entirety, by reference to it, for all purposes. S weave patterns typically have a high element density of about 50 to about 500 high elements per 6.4 cm2 (square inch), and in other embodiments, from about 75 to about 150 high elements per 6 , 4 cm2 (square inch). An example of a "S weave" pattern is shown in Figure 2, which illustrates elevated "S" shaped elements 88 having a dimension of length "L" and a dimension of width "W". Another suitable element pattern is the "rib knit" pattern and is described in U.S. Patent No. 5,620,779 to Levy, et al. , which is incorporated herein, in its entirety, by reference to it, for all purposes. Rib-knit patterns typically have a high element density of about 150 to about 400 high elements per 6.4 cm2 (square inch), and in other embodiments, from about 200 to about 300 high elements per 6.4 cm2 (square inch). An example of a suitable "rib mesh" pattern is shown in Figure 3, which illustrates the first raised elements 89 and the second raised elements 91, the second raised elements being oriented in a different direction from that of the first raised elements. Yet another suitable pattern is the "weave in yarn" pattern, which has a high element density of about 200 to about 500 high elements per 6.4 cm2 (square inch), and in other embodiments, of about from 250 to about 350 elements elevated by 6.4 cm2 (square inch). An example of a suitable "weaving" pattern is shown in Figure 4, which illustrates first raised elements 93 and second raised elements 95, the second raised elements being oriented in a different direction from that of the first raised elements. Other binding patterns, which can be used in the present invention, are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,855,046 to Hansen, et al. ; 5,962,112 to Haynes, et al .; 6,093,665 to Sayovitz, et al .; D375,844 by Edwards, et al .; D428,267 by Romano et al. ; and Brown's D390.708, which are hereby incorporated by reference, in their entirety, by reference to them, for all purposes.
    Desirably, the pattern of raised elements will be selected to be consistent and uniform across the width of the cylinder. A uniform pattern results in a uniform pattern of openings and embossing in the film segments. Advantageously, a uniform pattern eliminates the need to change standard cylinders when changing the widths of the various segments to be subjected to the formation of openings and embossing.
    Selecting an appropriate opening / embossing temperature (for example, the temperature of a heated cylinder) will help to melt and / or soften the low-point elastomeric polymer (s) ) of softening of the film, in regions adjacent to the elevated elements. The softened elastomeric polymer (s) can then flow and become displaced during lamination, such as by pressure exerted by the elevated elements. The displaced portions of the film create openings.
    To achieve concurrent opening and embossing formation, the cylinder temperature and nip pressure can be selectively controlled. For example, one or more cylinders can be heated to a surface temperature of about 50 ° C to about 180 ° C, in other embodiments, from about 602 ° C to about 150 ° C, and yet in other embodiments, from about 70 ° C at about 120 ° C. Likewise, the pressure exerted by the cylinders ("nip pressure") on the multi-segment film can vary from about 13.1 to about 105.1 kN / m (75 to about 600 pounds per linear inch), in other modalities, from about 17.5 to about 70 kN / m (100 to about 400 pounds per linear inch), and still in other modalities, from about 21 to about 35 kN / m (about 120 at about 200 pounds per linear inch). Obviously, the residence time of the materials can influence the temperatures and particular pressures employed.
    As mentioned, another factor that influences the competing opening and embossing formations is the degree of tension in the film during lamination (nipping). An increase in film tension, for example, typically correlates with an increase in the size of the openings. Obviously, a film tension that is too high can adversely affect the integrity of the film. Therefore, in some embodiments of the present invention, a stretch ratio of about 1.5 or more, in other embodiments, from about 2.5 to about 7.0, and in still other embodiments, from about 3 .0 to about 5.5, can be used to achieve the desired degree of tension in the film. The stretch ratio can be determined by dividing the final length of the film by its original length. The stretch ratio can also be approximately the same as the extraction ratio, which can be determined by dividing the linear speed of the film during lamination (for example, speed of the laminating cylinders) by the linear speed at which the film is formed ( eg speed of casting cylinders (cast) or rolling lamination cylinders) or unwound.
    The segmented film can be "pre-stretched" (before lamination) by cylinders rotating at different rotation speeds, so that the sheet is stretched to the desired stretch ratio in the machine direction. This uniaxially stretched film can also be oriented in the transverse direction of the machine, to form a "biaxially stretched" film. The orientation temperature profile, during the "pre-stretch" operation, is generally below the melting point of one or more polymers in the film, but is high enough to allow the composition to be extracted or stretched . For example, the film can be stretched at a temperature of about 152 ° C to about 50 ° C, in other embodiments, of about 252 ° C to about 402 ° C, and in still other embodiments, of about 30 ° C to about 402 ° C. When "pre-stretched" in the manner described above, the degree of stretching during lamination can be increased, maintained or slightly reduced (retracted) to the desired degree of tension.
    When laminating, the film with multiple segments undergoes the formation of openings and embossing. The size and / or pattern of the resulting openings and / or embossings, in general, correspond to the size and / or pattern of the elevated elements. In other words, the openings and / or the embossings can have a length, a width, an aspect ratio and an orientation as described above. For example, the length dimension of the openings and / or embossings can be from about 200 to about 5,000 micrometers, in other modalities from about 350 to about 4,000 micrometers, and still in other modalities, from about 500 about 2,500 micrometers. The width dimension of the openings and / or embossings can also vary from about 20 to about 500 micrometers, in other modalities, from about 40 to about 200 micrometers, and still in other modalities, from about 50 to about 150 micrometers. In addition, the "aspect ratio" (the ratio of the length of an opening and / or embossing to its width) can vary from about 2 to about 100, in other embodiments, from about 4 to about 50, and in still other embodiments, from about 5 to about 20. Similarly, the longitudinal axis of one or more of the openings and / or embossings (longest dimension along a center line of the opening) may be inclined with respect to the direction of the multi-segment film machine, such as from about 30a to about 150a, in other embodiments, from about 45a to about 135a, and in still other embodiments, from about 60a to about 120a, in relation to the direction of the film machine.
    Referring to Figure 5, for example, an embodiment of a method for forming a film with multiple segments according to the invention is shown. As shown, the raw materials for the film can be prepared and added to a hopper or hopper (not shown) of an extrusion apparatus 40. The materials are mixed dispersively in the melt and composted using any known technique, such as batch and / or continuous composting techniques, which employ, for example, a Banbury mixer, a Farrel continuous mixer, a single screw extruder, a twin screw extruder, etc.
    Any known technique can be used to form a film with multiple segments from the composted materials, including blowing, casting, extrusion with flat mold, etc. For example, in the particular embodiment of Figure 5, the composted material (not shown) is supplied to the extruder 40 and then blown into laminating cylinders 42 to form a single-layer precursor multi-segment film 10. The cylinders 42 can be maintained at a temperature sufficient to solidify and quench the film with multiple precursor segments 10 as it is formed, such as from about 20 ° C to 60 ° C. Typically, the resulting multithreaded precursor film is generally unperforated, although it can, of course. Have small cuts or tears as a result of processing.
    Referring again to Figure 5, for example, a method for forming a multi-segment film of the present invention is shown. In the illustrated mode, the film 10 is optionally stretched and tuned in the direction of the machine, passing it through a film orientation unit or guide in the direction of the machine ("MDO") 44. In the illustrated mode, the MDO presents a plurality of drawing cylinders 46, which progressively stretch and thin the film 10 towards the machine. Although five pairs of cylinders 46 are illustrated in Figure 5, it should be understood that the number of cylinders may be higher or lower, depending on the level of stretching that is desired and the degrees of stretching between each cylinder. The film 10 can be drawn in single or multiple discrete drawing operations. Film 10 can also be stretched in other directions. For example, the film can be stapled to its side edges by chain clips and transported to a tenter oven. In the tenter oven, the film can be extracted in the transversal direction to the machine to the desired stretch ratio by chain clips deflected sideways on their forward path.
    Still referring to Figure 5, for example, film 10 is directed to a nip, defined between cylinders 58, to create openings and embossings in the film with multiple segments 10. One or both cylinders 58 may (m) contain a plurality of elevated elements and can be heated. When passing through the nip, embossing is created in the first segments of the film with multiple segments 10 and openings are created in the second segments of the film with multiple segments. The resulting multi-segment film with openings 32 can then be rolled up and stored on a take-up roll 60.
    Although not shown in Figure 5, several additional potential processing and / or finishing steps known in the art, such as slitting, treatment, printing graphics, etc., can be carried out without deviating from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the multi-segment film with openings can optionally be mechanically stretched in the directions transverse to the machine and / or the machine to enhance extensibility. In one embodiment, the composite can be driven through two or more cylinders that have grooves in the CD and / or MD directions. Such grooved anvil / satellite cylinder arrangements are described in U.S. Patent Application Publications Nos. 2004/0110442 from Rhim ,. et al. , and 2006/0151914 by Gerndt, et al. , which are incorporated herein, in their entirety, by reference to them, for all purposes. For example, the laminate can be driven through two or more cylinders in the CD and / or MD directions. Grooved cylinders can be constructed of steel or other hard material (such as hard rubber).
    Multi-segment films can optionally be laminated to one or more additional films and / or fabrics. Referring to Figure 6, a multi-segment film with apertures 32, described herein, is attached to a non-woven web 11. As used herein, the term woven or woven "non-woven (a)" means a web having a structure of individual fibers or threads, which intertwine, but not in an identifiable way as in a knitted or woven fabric. Nonwoven fabrics or wefts had been formed by many processes, such as, for example, meltblowing processes, spunbonding processes, hydro-entanglement, air deposit and carded bonded weft processes. As used herein, the term "spunbond" refers to small diameter fibers of molecularly oriented polymeric material. Spunbond fibers are generally formed by extrusion of fused thermoplastic material as filaments from a plurality of thin capillaries, usually circular, from a spinner with the diameter of the extruded filaments, then being quickly reduced, as, for example , in US Patent No. 4,340,563 to Appel, et al., and in US Patent No. 3,692,618 to Dorschner, et al., in US Patent No. 3,802,817 to Matsuki, et al., in US Patent No. 3,338,992 and 3,341,394 to Kinney, in US Patent No. 3,502,763 to Hartman, in US Patent No. 3,542,615 to Dobo, et al., In US Patent No. 5,382,400 to Pike, et al., and in US Patent Applications, jointly assigned, from Nos. de 08 / 756.426, now granted, filed on 26 November 1996 by Marmon, et al. , and in U.S. Serial No. Application 08 / 565,261 now U.S. Patent No. 5,759,962 filed on November 30, 1959 to Pike, et al. As used here, the words "meltblown" or "meltblowing" refer to thin fibers of polymeric material, which are, in general, formed by extruding a thermoplastic material melted through a plurality of fine mold capillaries, usually circular, as lines or fused filaments for gas streams (for example air), usually hot, of high speed, which attenuate the filaments of fused thermoplastic material to reduce its diameter. Thereafter, the meltblown fibers can be carried by the high speed gas stream and are deposited on a collection surface to form a web of randomly dispersed meltblown fibers. Such a process is described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 3,849,241 to Butin, et al. ; in U.S. Patent No. 4,526,733 to Lau; in U.S. Patent No. 5,652,048 to Haynes, et al. ; and in U.S. Patent No. 5,366,793 to Fitts, et al. Meltblown fibers can be continuous or discontinuous, in general, they have less than 10 micrometers of average diameter, and they usually have between about 0.5 and about 7 micrometers of average diameter. Fabrics can also be laminated nonwoven with multiple layers, which include at least one layer of a nonwoven weave and / or multiple nonwoven layers, such as, for example, a spunbond / meltblown / spunbond (SMS) laminate. Examples of multilayer nonwoven laminates are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,041,203 to Brock, et al. , in U.S. Patent No. 5,178,931 to Perkins, et al. and in U.S. Patent No. 5,188,885 to Timmons, et al.
    The particular composition of any additional layers, attached to the film with multiple segments, can be selected to achieve the desired attributes, such as, for example, aesthetics, resistance, durability, touch, etc. As an example, films with multiple segments can be laminated to form knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, foams, screens (scrims), multilayered nonwoven laminates, and so on. As used here, the word "canvas" means a lightweight fabric used as a lining material. Fabrics are often used as the base fabric for coated or laminated products. The multi-segment film and other fabric (s) can be laminated together by means known to those skilled in the art, such as, for example, by thermal bonding, ultrasonic bonding, adhesive bonding and the like. Point thermal bonding is an exemplary means of laminating the respective layers. As used herein, the term "point attachment" means the attachment of one or more layers of tissue to a plurality of discrete attachment points. For example, point thermal bonding, in general, involves the passage of one or more layers to be bonded between heated cylinders, such as, for example, a embossed standardized cylinder and a smooth calender cylinder. The engraved roll is patterned in some way, so that all the fabric is not bound over its entire surface, and the anvil cylinder is usually flat. As a result, several standards for engraved cylinders have been developed for both functional as well as aesthetic reasons. An example of point thermal bonding is described in U.S. Patent No. 3,855,046 to Hansen, et al. Numerous other binding patterns are known, such as, for example, those described in U.S. Design Patent No. 356,688 to Uitenbroek, et al., And in U.S. Patent No. 5,620,779, to Levy, et al.
    When one or more of the segments within the multi-segment film comprises (in) an elastic segment, any additional layers laminated to it (s) desirably comprise an extensible material or fabric. In this regard, the additional layer (s) may (s) comprise, as examples, extensible non-woven materials (for example, creped or non-woven fabrics comprising highly spun fibers), woven fabrics, woven fabrics ( woven) loose, elastic composite materials and / or other similar materials. Desirably, the fabric comprises one or more layers of thermoplastic fibers, which are elastic, inherently extensible or which have been translated in order to become extensible and / or elastic and which also have a fabric-like feel and drape. Examples of suitable extensible and / or elastic materials are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,965,122 to Morman, et al. ; in U.S. Patent No. 5,114,781 to Morman, et al. ; in U.S. Patent No. 5,336,545 to Morman, et al. ; in U.S. Patent No. 4,720,415 to Vander Wielen, et al .; in U.S. Patent No. 4,789,699 to Kieffer, et al .; in U.S. Patent No. 5,332,613 to Taylor, et al. ; in U.S. Patent No. 5,288,791 to Collier, et al. ; in U.S. Patent No. 4,663,220 to Wisneski, et al. ; in U.S. Patent No. 5,540,976 to Shawver, et al. ; European Order No. 0.712.892 Al de Djiaw, et al. ; in U.S. Patent No. 5,952,252 to Shawver, et al. ; in U.S. Patent No. 5,714,107 to Levy, et al. ; and in U.S. Patent No. 6,054,002 to Griesbach, et al .; the contents of the previously mentioned references are hereby incorporated by reference. The composition of the thermoplastic polymer can be selected as desired, to achieve a material having the desired physical attributes, such as, for example, elasticity, touch, tensile strength, cost and so on. In addition, the outer non-woven layer can be treated, such as, for example, embossing, hydro-entanglement, mechanically softening, printing, antistatic treatment or otherwise treated in order to achieve desired aesthetic and / or functional characteristics .
    The multi-segment films of the present invention, and laminates thereof, can be used in a wide variety of applications, such as, for example, in personal care articles, infection control products, protective accessories, protective covers, clothing and so on. As used herein, the term "personal care product" means personal hygiene-oriented items, such as diapers, training pants, absorbent underwear, adult incontinence products, feminine hygiene products, and the like. As used herein, the term "infection control product" means medical-oriented items, such as surgical gowns and drapes, puffer-like caps, surgical caps and caps, industrial work clothes, slipper-like shoes, boot covers and slippers, wound dressings, bandages, sterilization wrappers, lab coats, overalls, aprons and so on. As used herein, the term "protective accessories" means accessories or related industrial garments, such as overalls, aprons, work clothes, overalls and so on. As used herein, the term "protective cover" means a cover for vehicles, such as cars, boats, aircraft, etc., covers for articles or equipment often left outside (for example, barbecue grills and lawn furniture), equipment backyards and gardens, floor coverings, tents and the like. As used here, the term "garment" means any type of accessory not oriented towards medicine or industry, that can be worn. This includes overalls, underwear, pants, skirts, jackets, gloves, socks and the like.
    In addition, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that multi-segment films of the present invention can be used advantageously in numerous other applications employing breathable barrier fabrics. As used here, the word "barrier" means a film, laminate or other fabric, which is relatively impermeable to the transmission of liquids, and which has a hydrocarbon of at least about 5 kPa (50 mbar). Hydrocarbon, as used here, refers to a measurement of the liquid barrier properties of a tissue measured in millibars (mbar). However, it should be noted that for many applications of barrier fabrics, it may be desirable that they have a hydrocarbon value greater than about 8 kPa (80 mbar), 15 kPa (150 mbar) or even 20 kPa ( 200 mbar). In one embodiment, the embossed segment of the segmented film may have a higher hydrocarbon value than the segment with openings. Advantageously, the embossed segment can be used in an area of the product that requires good barrier properties, while the segment with openings can be used in an area of the product that requires more breathability.
    As a particular example, multi-segment films of the present invention can be readily converted and incorporated within a breathable barrier of a diaper or incontinence garment. Although the breathability provided by microporous films and / or laminates thereof is advantageous in many articles, there are some situations in which high breathability may be undesirable. For example, in personal care items, such as diapers or clothing for incontinence, the breathable barrier and absorbent core generally work together to retain body fluids discharged into the garment. However, when fluid is retained within the absorbent core, significantly higher water vapor levels begin to pass through the breathable barrier. The increased levels of water value that pass through the outer cover may form condensate on the outer portion of the garment. The condensate is just water, but it can be perceived as a leak. In addition, the condensate can create an uncomfortable wet feeling in relation to the outer portion of the garment, which is unpleasant for those who handle the article. The provision of a breathable barrier, which has a lower WVTR in such regions, while providing good breathability in the remaining regions, would provide a garment with excellent comfort for the user, even though it limits the potential for moisture in the outer cover. In this regard, as discussed in greater detail below, segments with relatively high or low breathability can be strategically positioned within the absorbent articles, to help reduce and / or eliminate moisture from the outer cover. In a further aspect, the present invention provides films showing stretching and recovery in the CD direction, thereby providing a film and / or article incorporating them, with excellent shaping attributes to the body. In addition, excellent body conformation can be achieved without significant loss of breathability or loss of barrier properties.
    Personal care items in general include a liquid-permeable top sheet facing the user and a liquid-impermeable bottom sheet or outer cover. Arranged between the top sheet and the outer cover is an absorbent core. Often, the top sheet and outer cover are sealed to enclose the absorbent core. The multi-segment films and film laminates of the present invention are particularly well suited for use as an external cover for a personal care article. Exemplary personal care articles are described, by way of example only, in the following references: U.S. Patent No. 5,415,644 to Enloe, et al. ; U.S. Patent No. 4,798,603 to Meyer, et al. ; U.S. Patent No. 5,810,797 to Menard, et al. ; U.S. Patent No. 4,641,381 to Herren, et al .; U.S. Patent No. 4,701,175 to Boland, et al. ; and U.S. Patent No. 4,938,797 to Van Gompel, et al. ; the entire contents of the aforementioned references are hereby incorporated by reference. In addition, although the following detailed description is made in the context of a disposable diaper, a person skilled in the art will appreciate that the concepts of the present invention would also be suitable for use in connection with other types of absorbent articles, particularly other personal care articles. In addition, although the present invention is described in the context of several specific configurations, it will be appreciated that other combinations or changes to the specific configurations discussed below can be made by the skilled artisan, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
    Referring to Figure 7, a deflector for a diaper or incontinence garment may include a continuous multi-segment film 40, including a first segment 42 and second segments 44. Second segments 44 may include a pattern of openings 41 through the film thickness and the first segment 42 may include a embossing pattern 43. In a particular embodiment, the pattern of openings and the embossing pattern are substantially the same. The deflector can be converted from the film with multiple segments 40, the diaper "ears" corresponding to the second regions 44 and the central portion of the article corresponding to one or more segments 42. The first segment 42 desirably comprises a breathable film, such as, for example, a monolithic film or a monolayer or multilayer microporous film, which can be elastic or inelastic. The second segments 44 desirably comprise an elastic segment with excellent stretching and recovery properties, such as, for example, film segments comprising elastic polyurethane or KRATON / polyolefin combinations. In another example, the film with multiple segments can be converted, such that the segments run across the width of the article as opposed to the length of the article. When the segments run across the width of the article, the first region 42 may include a breathable film corresponding to the central portion of the article and the second regions 44 may include an elastic segment that corresponds to the "waist" of the article.
    Films with multiple segments and / or laminates thereof can also be converted into surgical garments, protective work clothes and the like. In this regard, medical accessories are often necessary to provide a higher degree of protection for the user, such as, for example, preventing the penetration of blood and / or blood borne pathogens. Because it comprises a continuous film with multiple segments, good stretching and conformation to the body can be achieved without losing the desired barrier properties in the desired areas. For example, surgical garments or work clothes may include first breathable barrier segments showing excellent barrier properties of WVTRs and the second segments may include segments with elastic openings and additionally provide the garment with improved stretch, shaping attributes to the body, and breathability where the barrier is not needed.
    Although several patents and other reference materials have been incorporated here by reference, to the extent that there is any inconsistency between the incorporated material and that of the specification, the specification should predominate. In addition, although the invention has been described in detail with respect to its specific modalities, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications and / or other changes can be made in relation to the invention, without deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention. EXAMPLES
    Exemplary films featuring three segments were conducted through several rolling intervals under various conditions, to demonstrate the invention. In general, the films had an elastic segment on each edge of the film's transversal direction and an inelastic segment in the center of the film. Unless otherwise noted, the elastic segments had a composition of 51% by weight of copolymer in styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene blocks (KRATON® MD6937, available from Kraton Polymers), 15% by weight of adhesive (REGALREZ ™ 1126, available from Eastman Chemical), 9% by weight of polyethylene wax (EPOLENE ™ C-10, available from Eastman Chemical) and 25% by weight of ethylene-octene copolymer (EXACT ™ 5361, available from ExxonMobil Chemical Company ). Unless otherwise noted, the inelastic segment had a composition of 54.75% by weight of calcium carbonate particles, 18.25% by weight of linear low density polyethylene (DOWLEX ™ 2517G, available from The Dow Chemical Company) and 27 wt% linear low density polyethylene (DOWLEX ™ 2047G, available from The Dow Chemical Company). The films were produced in a standard cast film mold configured to prepare segmented films.
    Example 1: A segmented film, showing elastic segments of 53 grams per square meter (g / m2) and inelastic segment of 70 g / m2, was passed through a nip together with a bonded woven lining (BCW) material of 17 g / m2 polypropylene between a 76.7SC (1702F) wire weave pattern cylinder and a 1352C (275aF) smooth anvil cylinder with a nip pressure of 345 kPa (50 pounds per square inch (psi )). The elastic segments of the film were subjected to the formation of openings. The inelastic segment of the film was embossed, but not subject to the formation of openings.
    Example 2: A segmented film, showing elastic segments of 55 g / m2 and inelastic segment of 25 g / m2, was passed through a nip between 20 g / m2 of spunbond coating materials of hydro-matted polypropylene (HETSB) between a cylinder of wire weave pattern at 93.32C (2002F) and a smooth anvil cylinder at 1352C (2752F), with a nip pressure of 40 psi. The elastic segments of the film were subjected to the formation of openings. The inelastic segment of the film was embossed, but not subject to the formation of openings.
    Example 3: A segmented film, showing elastic segments of 60 g / m2 and inelastic segment of 41 g / m2, was passed through a nip between 17 g / m2 polypropylene BCW coating materials between a cylinder of weaving pattern in wire at 93.32C (2002F) and a smooth anvil cylinder at 1352C (2752F), with a nip pressure of 40 psi. The elastic segments of the film were subjected to the formation of openings. The inelastic segment of the film was embossed, but not subject to the formation of openings.
    Example 4: A segmented film, showing elastic segments of 74 g / m2 and inelastic segment of 50 g / m2, was passed through a nip between BCW polypropylene coating materials of 17 g / m2 between a cylinder of weaving pattern in wire at 93.32C (2002F) and a smooth anvil cylinder at 1352C (2752F), with a nip pressure of 40 psi. The elastic segments of the film were subjected to the formation of openings. The inelastic segment of the film was embossed, but not subject to the formation of openings.
    Example 5: A segmented film, showing 53 g / m2 elastic segments with an inelastic skin and 53 g / m2 inelastic segment, was passed through a nip between a rib weave pattern cylinder at 93.32C ( 200aF) and a smooth anvil cylinder at 93.3 2C (2002F), with a nip pressure of 45 psi. The elastic segments of the film were subjected to the formation of openings. The inelastic segment of the film was embossed, but not subject to the formation of openings.
    Example 6: A segmented film, with 33 g / m2 inelastic segments at the edges and a 58 g / m2 inelastic segment in the center, was passed through a nip between a rib weave pattern cylinder at 93.32C (2002F) and a smooth anvil cylinder at 93.32C (2002F), with a nip pressure of 40 psi. The inelastic segments had a composition of 45% by weight of high density polyethylene (Dow ™ DMDA-8940, available from The Dow Chemical Company), 10% by weight of titanium dioxide concentrate (50% of titanium dioxide in 50% polyethylene) (available as SCC-11692 from Standridge Color Corporation of Social Circle, GA) and 45% by weight linear low density polyethylene (DOWLEX ™ 2047G, available from The Dow Chemical Company). All three of the film segments were embossed, but none of the film segments were subjected to the formation of openings.
    Example 7: A segmented film with five segments, showing 50 g / m2 elastic segments between a 45 g / m2 inelastic segment and 220 g / m2 inelastic edge segments, was passed through a nip between a weave pattern cylinder rib at 93.32C (200eF) and a smooth anvil cylinder at 93.3 2C (2002F), with a nip pressure of 45 psi. The elastic segments of the film were subjected to the formation of openings. The inelastic segments of the film were embossed, but not subject to the formation of openings.
    Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to specific modalities thereof, it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art, upon reaching an understanding of the above, can readily conceive of changes to, variations in and equivalents to these modalities. Consequently, the scope of the present invention must be assessed as that of the appended claims and any equivalents thereof. As used here, the word "comprising" is inclusive or open and does not exclude elements not mentioned, compositional components or additional method steps. In addition, it should be noted that any given track is intended to include any and all minor tracks included. For example, a range of 45-90 would also include 50-90; 45-80; 46-89 and the like.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [0001]
    1. Film with multiple segments, characterized by comprising first and second segments of film, the first segments of film presenting a pattern of embossing on the surface not extending through the first segment of film and the second segments of film presenting a pattern of openings that extends through the second film segment, the pattern of embossing on the surface being the same pattern as the pattern of openings.
    [0002]
    2. Film with multiple segments, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the film with multiple segments has a substantially uniform thickness and, in addition, that the first and second segments extend continuously adjacent to each other, towards the machine.
    [0003]
    3. Multi-segment film according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first film segment comprises a microporous film.
    [0004]
    4. Multi-segment film according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the composition of the first film segment comprises thermoplastic polymer and filler and, in addition, that the filler is distributed over the first film segment.
    [0005]
    5. Film with multiple segments, according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the first segment of film has micropores adjacent to the load.
    [0006]
    6. Multi-segment film according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the second film segment comprises an elastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyolefin elastomers, styrenic block copolymers, polyurethanes, polyesters, polyamides, vinyl acetates, acrylates and 2/4 combinations thereof.
    [0007]
    7. Multi-segment film according to claim 1, characterized in that the composition of the first film segment comprises an inelastic polyolefin polymer.
    [0008]
    8. Personal care article characterized by comprising (i) a liquid-permeable top sheet; (ii) an external cover comprising the multi-segment film as defined in claim 1; and (iii) an absorbent core positioned between the outer cover and the top sheet.
    [0009]
    Multilayer laminate characterized in that it comprises the multi-segment film as defined in claim 1, and a sheet fixedly attached to a first surface of the multi-segment film.
    [0010]
    10. Multilayer laminate according to claim 9, characterized in that the sheet comprises a non-woven web.
    [0011]
    11. Personal care article characterized by comprising (i) a liquid-permeable top sheet; (ii) an external cover comprising the multilayer laminate as defined in claim 10; and (iii) an absorbent core positioned between the outer cover and the top sheet.
    [0012]
    Multilayer laminate according to claim 9, characterized in that the sheet comprises an extensible fabric and that the second film segment comprises an elastomer.
    [0013]
    13. Method of forming a film with multiple segments, characterized by the fact that it comprises: the supply of a film with multiple segments comprising first and second segments of film, the first and second segments of film extending adjacent to each other, continuously, towards the machine; the passage of the film with multiple segments through a nip formed by at least one standardized cylinder; and in the nip, concurrently, the formation of a pattern of embossing on the surface on a surface of the first film segment and a pattern of openings that extend through the second film segment, the embossing not extending through the first segment of film.
    [0014]
    14. Method, according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the embossing pattern in the first segment is the same as the pattern of openings in the second segment.
    [0015]
    15. Method, according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the cylinder is standardized with raised elements.
    [0016]
    16. Method, according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the nip is formed between two cylinders and preferably, in which at least one of the cylinders is heated to a surface temperature of 50 ° C to 180 ° C and / or where a pressure of 13.1 to 105.1 kN / m is applied at the nip.
    [0017]
    17. Method of forming a composite laminate characterized by the fact that it comprises: providing a film with multiple segments comprising first and second segments of film, the first and second segments of film extending adjacent to each other, in a continuous manner, in the direction of the machine; provide a non-woven sheet material; passing the film with multiple segments and the nonwoven sheet material through a nip formed by at least one standardized cylinder; and at the nip, connect the film to the non-woven sheet material and concurrently form a surface embossing pattern on a surface of the first film segment and an opening pattern that extends through the second film segment, being that the embossing does not extend through the first film segment.
    类似技术:
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    US20110160687A1|2011-06-30|Nonwoven composite including an apertured elastic film andmethod of making
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AU2010337972A1|2012-07-05|
    WO2011080618A3|2011-11-24|
    EP2519402A4|2015-04-08|
    KR20120125239A|2012-11-14|
    AU2010337972B2|2016-01-28|
    EP2519402A2|2012-11-07|
    KR101563043B1|2015-10-23|
    WO2011080618A2|2011-07-07|
    US20110160691A1|2011-06-30|
    EP2519402B1|2016-02-10|
    MX2012007632A|2012-08-01|
    US8981178B2|2015-03-17|
    BR112012016088A2|2016-08-16|
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    法律状态:
    2019-07-09| B06T| Formal requirements before examination [chapter 6.20 patent gazette]|
    2020-04-07| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-10-27| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 24/11/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US12/649,427|2009-12-30|
    US12/649,427|US8981178B2|2009-12-30|2009-12-30|Apertured segmented films|
    PCT/IB2010/055405|WO2011080618A2|2009-12-30|2010-11-24|Apertured segmented films|
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